Medical Terminology for Health Professions 7th Edition by Ann Ehrlich -Test Bank

Medical Terminology for Health Professions 7th Edition by Ann Ehrlich -Test Bank

Chapter 10: The Nervous System

MATCHING

Match each definition with the correct word part.
a. brain
b. bruise
c. burning sensation
d. sensation, feeling
e. shaken together

1. caus/o

2. concuss/o

3. contus/o

4. encephal/o

5. -esthesia

1. ANS: C PTS: 1

2. ANS: E PTS: 1

3. ANS: B PTS: 1

4. ANS: A PTS: 1

5. ANS: D PTS: 1

Match each definition with the correct word part.
a. brain covering
b. feeling
c. nerve root
d. process of producing a picture
e. brain

6. esthet/o

7. -graphy

8. cerebr/o

9. radicul/o

10. mening/o

6. ANS: B PTS: 1

7. ANS: D PTS: 1

8. ANS: E PTS: 1

9. ANS: C PTS: 1

10. ANS: A PTS: 1

Match each definition with the correct word part.
a. abnormal fear
b. having an affinity for
c. mind
d. nerve
e. spinal cord

11. myel/o

12. neur/o

13. -phobia

14. psych/o

15. -tropic

11. ANS: E PTS: 1

12. ANS: D PTS: 1

13. ANS: A PTS: 1

14. ANS: C PTS: 1

15. ANS: B PTS: 1

Match each definition with the correct term.
a. abnormal fear of enclosed spaces
b. excessive fear of high places
c. false personal belief despite evidence to the contrary
d. sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain
e. sight or sound not based on external stimulation

16. acrophobia

17. claustrophobia

18. delusion

19. hallucination

20. seizure

16. ANS: B PTS: 1

17. ANS: A PTS: 1

18. ANS: C PTS: 1

19. ANS: E PTS: 1

20. ANS: D PTS: 1

Match each definition with the correct term.
a. abnormally increased cerebrospinal fluid within the brain
b. deep state of unconsciousness
c. excessive sensitivity to stimuli
d. fear of having a serious illness despite medical reassurance
e. violent jarring of the brain

21. coma

22. concussion

23. hydrocephalus

24. hyperesthesia

25. hypochondriasis

21. ANS: B PTS: 1

22. ANS: E PTS: 1

23. ANS: A PTS: 1

24. ANS: C PTS: 1

25. ANS: D PTS: 1

Match each definition with the correct term.
a. anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts or impulses
b. intense emotional feelings that include apprehension, fearfulness, and terror
c. learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement
d. potentially reversible mental condition often associated with a high fever
e. progressive decline in mental abilities

26. delirium

27. dementia

28. dyslexia

29. obsessive-compulsive disorder

30. panic attack

26. ANS: D PTS: 1

27. ANS: E PTS: 1

28. ANS: C PTS: 1

29. ANS: A PTS: 1

30. ANS: B PTS: 1

Match each definition with the correct term.
a. congenital herniation of the meninges through the skull or spinal column
b. inflammation of the meninges
c. inflammation of the spinal cord or bone marrow
d. medical professional, other than an MD, specializing in administering anesthesia
e. medication used to induce anesthesia

31. anesthetic

32. anesthetist

33. meningitis

34. meningocele

35. myelitis

31. ANS: E PTS: 1

32. ANS: D PTS: 1

33. ANS: B PTS: 1

34. ANS: A PTS: 1

35. ANS: C PTS: 1

COMPLETION

1. Commonly known as fainting, the medical term for this condition is ____________________.

ANS: syncope

PTS: 1

2. The term ____________________ describes the chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to the target receptor.

ANS:
neurotransmitters
neurotransmitter

PTS: 1

3. The lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy is known as ____________________.

ANS: lethargy

PTS: 1

4. The medical term ____________________ describes inflammation of the sciatic nerve.

ANS: sciatica

PTS: 1

5. ____________________ disease is a group of disorders that lead to dementia marked by deterioration affecting memory and reasoning capabilities.

ANS: Alzheimer’s

PTS: 1

6. A/An ____________________ stroke is damage that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures.

ANS: hemorrhagic

PTS: 1

7. A persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve is known as ____________________.

ANS: causalgia

PTS: 1

8. ____________________ is characterized by sudden, severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve.

ANS: Trigeminal neuralgia

PTS: 1

9. A/An ____________________ stroke occurs when the blood flow to the brain is blocked.

ANS: ischemic

PTS: 1

10. The medical term ____________________ means inflammation of the brain.

ANS: encephalitis

PTS: 1

11. A/An ____________________ is the bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury.

ANS: cerebral contusion

PTS: 1

12. The term ____________________ describes a group of conditions in which young children have difficulty developing normal social relationships, compulsively follow repetitive routines, and frequently have poor communication skills.

ANS: autism

PTS: 1

13. A/An ____________________ headache is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head.

ANS: migraine

PTS: 1

14. The _________________________ syndrome is characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis.

ANS:
Guillain-Barré
Guillain Barré
Guillain-Barre
Guillain Barre

PTS: 1

15. The condition of a child being violently shaken by someone is described as ____________________ syndrome. This action can cause brain injury, blindness, fractures, seizures, paralysis, and death.

ANS: shaken baby

PTS: 1

16. _________________________ stress disorder is the development of characteristic symptoms after a traumatic event during which the patient felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror.

ANS:
Post-traumatic
Posttraumatic
Post traumatic

PTS: 1

17. ____________________ is an ultrasound study of the carotid artery to predict or diagnose an ischemic stroke.

ANS: Carotid ultrasonography

PTS: 1

18. The disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures due to alcohol withdrawal is known as ____________________.

ANS: delirium tremens

PTS: 1

19. ____________________ is the temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve, which causes drooping only on the affected side of the face.

ANS: Bell’s palsy

PTS: 1

20. The term ____________________ describes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory.

ANS: cognition

PTS: 1

21. The medical term ____________________ describes a sleep disorder consisting of recurring episodes of falling asleep during the day.

ANS: narcolepsy

PTS: 1

22. A/An ____________________ is a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.

ANS: cranial hematoma

PTS: 1

23. The thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges is known as the ____________________.

ANS: dura mater

PTS: 1

24. ____________________ is the use of ultrasound imaging to create a visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes.

ANS: Echoencephalography

PTS: 1

25. ____________________ disease is a degenerative central nervous system disorder with progressive loss of control over movement.

ANS: Parkinson’s

PTS: 1

26. The psychotic disorder characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations, as well as other disturbances, is known as ____________________.

ANS: schizophrenia

PTS: 1

27. Cervical ____________________ is nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region.

ANS: radiculopathy

PTS: 1

28. The medical term ____________________ describes an abnormal sensation, such as burning or prickling, in the extremities.

ANS: paresthesia

PTS: 1

29. A/An ____________________ disorder is a condition in which individuals act as if they have a physical or mental illness when they are not really sick.

ANS: factitious

PTS: 1

30. ____________________ (ALS) is a degenerative disease in which patients become progressively weaker until they are completely paralyzed.

ANS: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

PTS: 1

31. The process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp is known as ____________________.

ANS: electroencephalography

PTS: 1

32. ____________________ disorders are mental conditions characterized by anxiety or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in the situation.

ANS: Anxiety

PTS: 1

33. The condition that has been linked to giving aspirin to children suffering from viral infections is known as ____________________ syndrome.

ANS: Reye’s

PTS: 1

34. ____________________ is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severities.

ANS: Epilepsy

PTS: 1

35. A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium is known as ____________________.

ANS: myelography

PTS: 1

36. ____________________ is a condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies.

ANS: Cerebral palsy

PTS: 1

37. The progressive autoimmune disorder that is characterized by scattered patches of demyelination of nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord is known as ____________________.

ANS: multiple sclerosis

PTS: 1

38. A/An ____________________, which is also known as a stroke, is damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted by a blockage of the blood supply.

ANS: cerebrovascular accident

PTS: 1

39. ____________________ is a painful condition of the nerves of the hands and feet, which is caused by damage to the peripheral nerves.

ANS: Peripheral neuropathy

PTS: 1

40. Regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the spine is known as ____________________.

ANS: epidural anesthesia

PTS: 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which medication depresses the central nervous system to produce calm and diminished responsiveness without causing sleep?
a. hypnotic c. anesthetic
b. anticonvulsant d. sedative

ANS: D PTS: 1

2. A _____ is surgically suturing together the ends of a severed nerve.
a. neuroplasty c. neurotomy
b. neurorrhaphy d. neuron

ANS: B PTS: 1

3. Which part of the brain is responsible for the highest level of thought?
a. brainstem c. cerebrum
b. cerebellum d. thalamus

ANS: C PTS: 1

4. Which nerves prepare the body for emergencies and stress as part of the fight-or-flight response?
a. peripheral spinal nerves c. parasympathetic nerves
b. sympathetic nerves d. cranial nerves

ANS: B PTS: 1

5. Which term refers to a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems, and mental illness?
a. anesthesiologist c. psychologist
b. psychiatrist d. neurologist

ANS: B PTS: 1

6. An unresponsive state from which a person can be aroused only briefly despite vigorous, repeated attempts is known as a _____.
a. stupor c. coma
b. persistent vegetative state d. unconscious

ANS: A PTS: 1

7. Which term refers to a temporary interruption in the blood supply to the brain?
a. cerebrovascular accident c. hemorrhagic stroke
b. transient ischemic attack d. ischemic stroke

ANS: B PTS: 1

8. Which term refers to the loss of ability to speak, write, and/or comprehend the written or spoken word?
a. amnesia c. aphasia
b. insomnia d. anesthesia

ANS: C PTS: 1

9. Which type of seizure is also known as a petit mal seizure?
a. tonic-clonic seizure c. absence seizure
b. epilepsy d. seizure

ANS: C PTS: 1

10. Which condition was previously known as multiple personality disorder?
a. bipolar disorder c. conversion disorder
b. dissociative identity disorder d. factitious disorder

ANS: B PTS: 1

11. A/An ______ is administered to temporarily relieve anxiety and to reduce tension.
a. antipsychotic drug c. psychotropic drug
b. mood-stabilizing drug d. anxiolytic drug

ANS: D PTS: 1

12. Which term is characterized by the intentional creation of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms in order to gain incentives such as avoiding work?
a. hypochondriasis c. malingering
b. conversion disorder d. factitious disorder

ANS: C PTS: 1

13. A/An ______ is the accidental or intentional use of an illegal drug or prescription medicine in an amount higher than what is safe or normal.
a. drug overdose c. substance abuse
b. drug abuse d. alcoholism

ANS: A PTS: 1

14. A/An ______ is a chronic pattern of inner experience and behavior that causes serious problems with relationships and work.
a. psychotic disorder c. somatoform disorder
b. anxiety disorder d. personality disorder

ANS: D PTS: 1

15. Which type of therapy focuses on changing thoughts that are affecting a person’s emotions and actions?
a. behavioral therapy c. hypnotherapy
b. cognitive therapy d. psychoanalysis

ANS: B PTS: 1

16. A/An _____ works by increasing activity in certain areas of the brain to increase concentration and wakefulness.
a. stimulant c. hypnotic
b. antipsychotic drug d. barbiturate

ANS: A PTS: 1

17. Which type of disorder is found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties learning specific skills?
a. attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder c. learning disabilities
b. dyslexia d. autistic spectrum disorders

ANS: C PTS: 1

18. A type of radiation treatment for brain tumors performed without knife or incision is known as ______.
a. Gamma knife surgery c. electroconvulsive therapy
b. deep brain stimulation d. lobectomy

ANS: A PTS: 1

19. Which disorder is characterized by chronic, excessive worrying?
a. panic disorder c. social phobia
b. generalized anxiety disorder d. agoraphobia

ANS: B PTS: 1

20. Which condition is also known as a pinched nerve?
a. lumbar radiculopathy c. radiculitis
b. sciatica d. neuritis

ANS: C PTS: 1

21. _____ is a highly contagious viral infection of the brainstem and spinal cord that sometimes leads to paralysis.
a. Meningitis c. Myelosis
b. Poliomyelitis d. Tetanus

ANS: B PTS: 1

22. _____ is the prolonged or abnormal inability to sleep.
a. Sleep deprivation c. Insomnia
b. Somnambulism d. Persistent vegetative state

ANS: C PTS: 1

23. The 12 pairs of _____ originate from the undersurface of the brain.
a. cranial nerves c. afferent neurons
b. peripheral spinal nerves d. connecting neurons

ANS: A PTS: 1

24. The two _____ are connected at the lower midpoint by the corpus callosum.
a. cerebral lobes c. cerebral hemispheres
b. meninges d. synapses

ANS: C PTS: 1

25. A/An _____ is a protective covering made up of glial cells.
a. pia mater c. arachnoid mater
b. dura mater d. myelin sheath

ANS: D PTS: 1