Medical Language Immerse Yourself 4th Edition By Susan M. – Test Bank

Medical Language Immerse Yourself 4th Edition By Susan M. – Test Bank

Medical Language, 4e (Turley)
Chapter 6 Hematology and Immunology — Blood and the Lymphatic System

6.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

1) Pancytopenia could be found in a patient with ________.
A) septicemia
B) lymphadenopathy
C) failure of the bone marrow to produce stem cells
D) iron-deficiency anemia
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Septicemia is an infection in the blood.
B) Lymphadenopathy is a disease of the lymph glands.
C) Correct!
D) Pancytopenia is not related to iron-deficiency anemia.
Page Ref: 284
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

2) Bence Jones protein is found in the urine of a patient with ________.
A) infectious mononucleosis
B) multiple myeloma
C) folic acid—deficiency anemia
D) AIDS
Answer: B
Explanation: A) This disease is not related to Bence Jones protein.
B) Correct! In multiple myeloma, cancerous plasma cells produce the abnormal immunoglobulin Bence Jones protein.
C) Anemia is not related to Bence Jones protein.
D) AIDS is not related to Bence Jones protein.
Page Ref: 288
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

3) A patient with lymphoma or leukemia would receive which cancer treatment?
A) bone marrow transplantation
B) blood transfusion
C) prothrombin time
D) excisional biopsy
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) Blood transfusion is not used to treat these diseases.
C) Prothrombin time is a lab test, not a medical treatment.
D) Excisional biopsy is not used to treat these diseases.
Page Ref: 298
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical and Surgical Procedures
4) To keep the red blood cell count from decreasing in a patient receiving a chemotherapy drug, the physician would prescribe a/an ________ drug to stimulate the bone marrow to make erythrocytes.
A) vitamin B12
B) erythropoietin
C) immunosuppressant
D) anticoagulant
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Vitamin B12 is used to treat pernicious anemia.
B) Correct! An erythropoietin drug stimulates the bone marrow to produce erythrocytes.
C) An immunosuppressant drug would affect the immune response, not the red blood cells.
D) An anticoagulant drug would affect blood clotting, not the red blood cells.
Page Ref: 300
Learning Outcome: 3.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Pharmacology

5) Which is a bleeding disease, NOT related to genetics, in which blood clots use up platelets and fibrinogen so much that there is spontaneous bleeding from various places in the body?
A) hemophilia A
B) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
C) disseminated intravascular coagulation
D) mononucleosis
Answer: C
Explanation: A) This is a bleeding disease, but it is related to genetics.
B) This is not a blood clotting disease.
C) Correct!
D) This is not a blood clotting disease.
Page Ref: 289
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

6) The heterophil antibody test can aid in the diagnosis of ________.
A) infectious mononucleosis
B) HIV infection
C) septicemia
D) hemolysis
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! It is also called the MonoSpot test.
B) This test cannot diagnose HIV infection.
C) This test cannot diagnose septicemia.
D) This test cannot diagnose hemolysis.
Page Ref: 294
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diagnostic Procedures
7) Anemia can be caused by a deficiency of which of the following nutritional substances?
A) calcium and vitamin K
B) magnesium and vitamin C
C) zinc and vitamin A
D) folic acid and vitamin B12
Answer: D
Explanation: A) A deficiency of calcium does not cause anemia.
B) A deficiency of magnesium does not cause anemia.
C) A deficiency of zinc does not cause anemia.
D) Correct! Folic acid and vitamin B12 are needed to form erythrocytes.
Page Ref: 284
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

8) The physician ordered bloodwork for his patient to include red blood cell indices. This test would determine the ________.
A) WBC count
B) mean cell volume
C) clotting time
D) blood type
Answer: B
Explanation: A) The white blood cell (WBC) count is not related to the red blood cell indices.
B) Correct!
C) The clotting time is not related to the red blood cell indices.
D) The blood type is not related to the red blood cell indices.
Page Ref: 292
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Diagnostic Procedures

9) The patient who has ________ will be prescribed antiretroviral drugs.
A) PTT
B) CBC
C) PMN
D) HIV
Answer: D
Explanation: A) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is a lab test, not a disease.
B) Complete blood count (CBC) is a lab test, not a disease.
C) Polymorphonucleated (PMN) leukocyte is a white blood cell, not a disease.
D) Correct! These are drugs used to treat HIV infection and AIDS.
Page Ref: 287
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Pharmacology
10) Which of the following is the most abundant plasma protein?
A) albumin
B) ferritin
C) bilirubin
D) bicarbonate
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) Ferritin is not a protein in the plasma.
C) Bilirubin is not a protein in the plasma.
D) Bicarbonate is an electrolyte, not a plasma protein.
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 6.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

11) John Alavent has hemophilia A. He requires treatment with a factor ________ drug to prevent episodes of bleeding.
A) I
B) II
C) VIII
D) X
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Hemophilia is not related to factor I.
B) Hemophilia is not related to factor II.
C) Correct! Factor VIII is the missing factor in hemophilia A.
D) Hemophilia A is not related to factor X.
Page Ref: 290
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

12) If a patient has a splenectomy, he or she has lost an organ that ________.
A) produces lymphocytes
B) stores whole blood
C) manufactures blood proteins
D) releases histamine
Answer: B
Explanation: A) The spleen does not produce lymphocytes.
B) Correct!
C) The spleen does not manufacture blood proteins.
D) The spleen does not release histamine.
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 6.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology
13) A patient with type B blood was accidentally given a transfusion of type A blood. Red blood cells were destroyed, and this is known as ________.
A) hemolysis
B) hemostasis
C) hypercalcemia
D) coagulation
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) This does not describe hemostasis.
C) This does not describe hypercalcemia.
D) This does not describe coagulation.
Page Ref: 286
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

14) The source of passive immunity that a mother gives to her infant through breast milk is known as ________.
A) IgA
B) IgD
C) IgM
D) IgE
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) This immunoglobulin is not found in breast milk.
C) This immunoglobulin is not found in breast milk.
D) This immunoglobulin is not found in breast milk.
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 6.1
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Anatomy

15) Patients taking the drug heparin will have a higher-than-normal value for ________ on their blood test.
A) thrombocytes
B) partial thromboplastin time
C) hemoglobin
D) mean cell volume
Answer: B
Explanation: A) The number of thrombocytes is not affected by the drug heparin.
B) Correct! Partial thromboplastin measures the time it takes for a sample of blood to clot. Heparin is an anticoagulant so the clotting time is lengthened.
C) The hemoglobin is not affected by the drug heparin.
D) The mean cell volume is not affected by the drug heparin.
Page Ref: 293
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diagnostic Procedures
16) The patient came to the clinic with a sore throat and a fever. If he has a bacterial infection, which cells in his blood would engulf and destroy the bacteria?
A) lymph nodes
B) eosinophils
C) neutrophils
D) thrombocytes
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Lymph nodes are not cells in the blood.
B) Eosinophils destroy allergens and parasites.
C) Correct!
D) Thrombocytes are involved in blood clotting.
Page Ref: 266
Learning Outcome: 6.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

17) Select the lab test that reports the percentage of red blood cells in a sample of blood.
A) HCT
B) IgA
C) PTT
D) TNF
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) This is an immunoglobulin.
C) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is a blood clotting test.
D) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is released by monocytes.
Page Ref: 292
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Diagnostic Procedures

18) The Schilling test is done to diagnose ________.
A) sickle-cell anemia
B) pernicious anemia
C) AIDS
D) mononucleosis
Answer: B
Explanation: A) This is not a test for sickle-cell anemia.
B) Correct!
C) This is not a test for AIDS.
D) This is not a test for mononucleosis.
Page Ref: 295
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diagnostic Procedures
19) Which is a type of anemia caused by a genetic abnormality in the structure of hemoglobin that causes abnormally shaped red blood cells?
A) polycythemia vera
B) multiple myeloma
C) sickle cell anemia
D) pernicious anemia
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Polycythemia vera has too many red blood cells.
B) This is not a type of anemia.
C) Correct!
D) Pernicious anemia does not have a genetic problem with the structure of the hemoglobin.
Page Ref: 285
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

20) A ferritin blood test indirectly measures the amount of ________ stored in the body.
A) potassium
B) erythrocytes
C) iron
D) leukocytes
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Ferritin is a test for iron.
B) Ferritin is a test for iron.
C) Correct! Ferritin is a test for iron.
D) Ferritin is a test for iron.
Page Ref: 294
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diagnostic Procedures

21) Because of their irregular shape, sickle cells can be categorized as ________.
A) phagocytosis
B) thrombocytes
C) pancytopenia
D) poikilocytosis
Answer: D
Explanation: A) This is a process of engulfing bacteria.
B) Thrombocytes are not abnormally shaped.
C) Pancytopenia does not have abnormally shaped cells.
D) Correct! Poikil/o- means “irregular” and cyt/o- means “cell.”
Page Ref: 286
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases
22) Which is the most common leukocyte, comprising 54—62% of the leukocytes in the blood?
A) neutrophils
B) eosinophils
C) basophils
D) monocytes
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) Eosinophils are not the most common leukocyte.
C) Basophils are not the most common leukocyte.
D) Monocytes are not the most common leukocyte.
Page Ref: 265
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

23) Which cells are active in the blood-clotting process?
A) leukocytes
B) lymphocytes
C) thrombocytes
D) white blood cells
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Leukocytes are not active in the blood-clotting process.
B) Lymphocytes are not active in the blood-clotting process.
C) Correct!
D) White blood cells are not active in the blood-clotting process.
Page Ref: 267
Learning Outcome: 6.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

24) A person with type A blood has ________.
A) both A and B antigens on their erythrocytes
B) neither A nor B antigens on their erythrocytes
C) B antigens on their erythrocytes
D) A antigens on their erythrocytes
Answer: D
Explanation: A) A person with type A blood does not have B antigens on their erythrocytes.
B) A person with type A blood does have A antigens on their erythrocytes.
C) A person with type A blood does not have B antigens on their erythrocytes.
D) Correct! A antigens are present on the erythrocytes of a person with type A blood.
Page Ref: 268
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy
25) Microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, or yeast that invade the body are known as ________.
A) tumors
B) pathogens
C) interferon
D) immunoglobulins
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Tumors are made of tissue, not microorganisms.
B) Correct!
C) Interferon is a chemical, not a microorganism.
D) Immunoglobulins are produced during the immune response; they are not microorganisms.
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 6.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

26) The body’s continuing immune response and defense against pathogens it has seen before is known as ________.
A) active immunity
B) passive immunity
C) immunoglobulins
D) graft-versus-host
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) Passive immunity is conveyed by the mother to the fetus or infant.
C) Immunoglobulins are part of the immune response, both passive and active immunity.
D) This is an immune response to donor tissue, not to pathogens.
Page Ref: 277
Learning Outcome: 6.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

27) Which antibody is found on the surface of a B cell and activates it to become a plasma cell?
A) IgA
B) IgD
C) red blood cell antigen
D) IgG
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Immunoglobulin A is not associated with B cells.
B) Correct!
C) Red blood cell antigens are only on red blood cells.
D) Immunoglobulin G is not associated with B cells.
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 6.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy
28) There are ________ different classes of immunoglobulins.
A) seven
B) ten
C) four
D) five
Answer: D
Explanation: A) This is not the correct number.
B) This is not the correct number.
C) This is not the correct number.
D) Correct! There are five classes: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM.
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 6.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

29) Which is a very large cell whose cytoplasm breaks away at the edges to form individual thrombocytes?
A) platelet
B) macrophage
C) megakaryocyte
D) monocyte
Answer: C
Explanation: A) A platelet is not the large cell.
B) A macrophage’s cytoplasm does not break away.
C) Correct! Mega- means “large.”
D) The cytoplasm of a monocyte never breaks away.
Page Ref: 267
Learning Outcome: 6.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

30) Which is a condition in which the number of erythrocytes in the blood is decreased?
A) poikilocytosis
B) Hodgkin’s disease
C) polycythemia vera
D) anemia
Answer: D
Explanation: A) The erythrocytes are irregular, not decreased, in this disease.
B) This disease affects the leukocytes, not erythrocytes.
C) This disease increases, not decreases, the number of erythrocytes.
D) Correct!
Page Ref: 284
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases
31) Which type of anemia is caused by failure of the bone marrow to produce erythrocytes?
A) iron-deficiency anemia
B) aplastic anemia
C) pernicious anemia
D) sickle-cell anemia
Answer: B
Explanation: A) In iron-deficiency anemia, the bone marrow does produce erythrocytes.
B) Correct! A- means “away from; without,” plast/o- means “formation; growth.”
C) In pernicious anemia, the bone marrow does produce erythrocytes.
D) In sickle-cell anemia, the bone marrow does produce erythrocytes.
Page Ref: 284
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

32) An abnormal increase in the number of erythrocytes due to uncontrolled production is known as ________.
A) polycythemia vera
B) leukemia
C) anemia
D) embolism
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) Leukemia is an abnormal increase in the number of leukocytes, not erythrocytes.
C) Anemia is an abnormal decrease, not increase, in the number of erythrocytes.
D) Embolism is a blood clot.
Page Ref: 286
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

33) Which medical word is used to refer to cancer of the white blood cells?
A) leukemia
B) anemia
C) multiple myeloma
D) blood dyscrasia
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct!
B) Anemia is not a cancer.
C) Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the B cells, not other white blood cells.
D) Blood dyscrasia is any disease of the blood.
Page Ref: 288
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases
34) Which infectious disease is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)?
A) multiple myeloma
B) AIDS
C) mononucleosis
D) hemophilia
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Multiple myeloma is cancer, not an infectious disease.
B) AIDS is caused by HIV, not the Epstein-Barr virus.
C) Correct!
D) Hemophilia is a hereditary disease, not an infectious disease.
Page Ref: 288
Learning Outcome: 6.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases