Infants Children And Adolescents 8th Edition By Berk Meyers -Test Bank

Infants Children And Adolescents 8th Edition By Berk Meyers -Test Bank

CHAPTER 10
EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1) According to Erikson, once children have a sense of autonomy, they become
A) filled with doubt and shame.
B) aware of their own psychological conflict.
C) less contrary than they were as toddlers.
D) unmotivated to perform unfamiliar tasks.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 357
Skill: Understand
Objective: 10.1
2) According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of the preschool years is
A) trust versus mistrust.
B) industry versus inferiority.
C) initiative versus guilt.
D) autonomy versus shame.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 357
Skill: Remember
Objective: 10.1
3) Erikson regarded play as a means through which
A) children escape from the demands of their lives into a fantasy world.
B) preschoolers symbolically represent their unconscious wishes and desires.
C) children seek to avoid punishment and maintain the affection of parents.
D) young children learn about themselves and their social world.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 358
Skill: Understand
Objective: 10.1
4) When children are threatened, criticized, and punished excessively by adults, they
A) renew their efforts to master new tasks.
B) feel too much guilt and their exuberant play breaks down.
C) lose the ability to form a sense of morality.
D) form a superego by identifying with the same-sex parent.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 358
Skill: Understand
Objective: 10.1

5) Three-year-old Sara says, “I have three dolls. I have brown hair. I made a tall tower.” This demonstrates that Sara is beginning to develop
A) self-esteem.
B) a self-concept.
C) a gender identity.
D) gender typing.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 358
Skill: Apply
Objective: 10.2
6) Preschoolers’ self-concepts largely consist of
A) talents.
B) personality traits.
C) observable characteristics.
D) temperamental qualities.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 358
Skill: Remember
Objective: 10.2
7) If you asked 3-year-old Xander to tell you about himself, which of the following is he most likely to say?
A) “I have a blue raincoat.”
B) “I am funny but shy.”
C) “I don’t like spaghetti.”
D) “I’m scared of the mean dog.”
Answer: A
Page Ref: 358
Skill: Apply
Objective: 10.2
8) If you asked 4-year-old Keisha to describe herself, which of the following is she most likely to say?
A) “I am friendly.”
B) “I am smart.”
C) “I am helpful.”
D) “I do not like bugs.”
Answer: D
Page Ref: 358
Skill: Apply
Objective: 10.2
9) __________ seems to foster a more positive, coherent early self-concept.
A) Early birth order
B) A warm, sensitive parent–child relationship
C) Permissive parenting
D) Authoritarian parenting
Answer: B
Page Ref: 359
Skill: Understand
Objective: 10.2

10) Elsie describes herself by saying, “I’m not afraid of the dark, no way!” Elsie probably
A) is between the ages of 3 and 4 years old.
B) has an insecure attachment to one or both of her parents.
C) has parents who reminisce with her about times when they resolved upsetting feelings.
D) is lying about her fear of the dark.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 359
Skill: Apply
Objective: 10.2