Human Anatomy 9Th ed By Martini – Test bank

Human Anatomy 9Th ed By Martini – Test bank

Human Anatomy, 9e (Martini)
Chapter 6 The Skeletal System: Axial Division

6.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Bones of the axial skeleton form the ________ axis of the body.
A) transverse
B) coronal
C) longitudinal
D) horizontal
E) diagonal
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: Introduction
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

2) The divisions of the skeletal system include (the) ________.
A) dorsal and ventral
B) axial and appendicular
C) proximal and distal
D) cranial, caudal, and anterior
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: Introduction
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

3) The facial bones ________.
A) enclose the cranial cavity
B) consist of the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, nasal, lacrimal, and zygomatic bones
C) protect and support the entrances to the digestive and respiratory tracts
D) form a specialized joint that stabilizes the positions of the cranium and vertebral column while permitting a considerable range of head movements
E) comprise the “braincase” that surrounds and protects the brain
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

4) The parietal, temporal, frontal, and occipital bones are part of (the) ________.
A) cranium
B) skull
C) facial bones
D) axial skeleton
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

5) The axial skeleton functions in ________.
A) housing special sense organs for taste, smell, hearing, balance, and sight
B) providing an extensive surface for the attachment of muscles that adjust the positions of the head, neck, and trunk
C) forming a framework that supports and protects organs in the ventral body cavities
D) the production of blood cells by the red marrow found in portions of the vertebrae, sternum, and ribs
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

6) Which of the following sutures marks the boundary between the temporal bone and the parietal bone of each side of the skull?
A) sagittal
B) squamous
C) frontonasal
D) coronal
E) lambdoid
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

7) The lambdoid suture is the boundary between which bones?
A) parietal and occipital
B) frontal and nasal
C) frontal and sphenoid
D) parietal and temporal
E) parietal and frontal
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

8) The superior aspect of each nasal bone articulates with the ________ bone.
A) maxilla
B) zygomatic
C) frontal
D) sphenoid
E) ethmoid
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

9) The depression that cradles and protects the pituitary gland is called the ________.
A) crista galli
B) greater wing
C) lesser wing
D) cribiform plate
E) sella turcica
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
10) The small depression on the temporal bone with which the mandible articulates is called (the) ________.
A) temporal fossa
B) temporal foramen
C) mandibular fossa
D) mandibular foramen
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

11) Which of the following is true of the foramen magnum?
A) It allows passage of the carotid arteries into the head.
B) It is located between the parietal and occipital bones.
C) It is located in the inferior surface of the occipital bone.
D) It is the second largest foramen in the cranium.
E) It primarily provides passage for the optic nerve.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

12) Which of the following contains the external acoustic meatus?
A) frontal
B) temporal
C) sphenoid
D) ethmoid
E) maxillary
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

13) Which of the following features belongs to the occipital bone?
A) mental foramen
B) mandibular foramen
C) coronoid process
D) hypoglossal canal
E) mylohyoid line
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

14) The point of attachment for muscles that extend and rotate the head is the ________.
A) styloid process
B) mastoid process
C) posterior clinoid process
D) articular tubercle
E) external occipital protuberance
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
15) Which of the following openings is found within the frontal bone?
A) supra-orbital foramen
B) foramen spinosum
C) foramen lacerum
D) optic canal
E) foramen ovale
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

16) Bones located within a space in the temporal bone that provide the sense of hearing are called ________.
A) acoustic bones
B) external acoustic meatus
C) internal acoustic meatus
D) auditory ossicles
E) foramen lacerum
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

17) The ethmoid contains ________.
A) an interconnected network of air cells, which produce mucous secretions that flush the surfaces of the nasal cavities
B) the cribriform plate, which is perforated by foramina
C) a perpendicular plate, which forms the superior part of the nasal septum
D) a prominent bony ridge to which is attached the falx cerebri, a membrane that stabilizes the position of the brain
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

18) The external surface of each ________ bone bears a pair of low ridges, which mark the attachment of the temporalis muscles.
A) temporal
B) parietal
C) frontal
D) occipital
E) sphenoidal
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
19) The frontal bone, the ethmoid, and the lesser wings of the sphenoid form the ________.
A) posterior cranial fossa
B) internal nares
C) anterior cranial fossa
D) middle cranial fossa
E) crista galli
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

20) The ________ processes are vertical projections of the sphenoid bone that are important sites for attachment of muscles that move the lower jaw and soft palate.
A) styloid
B) anterior clinoid
C) pterygoid
D) posterior clinoid
E) zygomatic
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

21) The convex anterior surface of the frontal bone is called the ________, or forehead, which functions as an attachment site for muscles of the scalp.
A) squamous part
B) frontal crest
C) orbital part
D) supra-orbital margin
E) alveolar part
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

22) The superior and middle nasal concha of the ethmoid ________.
A) are perforated by foramina that allow passage of the branches of the olfactory nerves
B) provide additional time for warming, humidifying, and dust removal before incoming air reaches more delicate portions of the respiratory tract
C) form part of the nasal septum, a partition that also includes the vomer and a piece of hyaline cartilage
D) separate the right and left sides of the cribriform plate
E) stabilize the position of the brain
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
23) Which of the following bones contains the infra-orbital foramen?
A) zygomatic
B) maxilla
C) frontal
D) ethmoid
E) sphenoid
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

24) Which of the following features belongs to the mandibular bone?
A) supraorbital margins
B) supraciliary arches
C) frontal suture
D) lacrimal fossa
E) mental foramen
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

25) Bones of the skull that articulate with the zygomatic bone include (the) ________.
A) temporal bone
B) frontal bone
C) maxillary bone
D) sphenoid
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

26) Which of the following lists includes only facial bones?
A) frontals, nasals, parietals, and occipital
B) maxillae, palatines, mandible, zygomatics, lacrimals
C) sphenoid, ethmoid, maxillae, and mandible
D) inferior conchae, vomer, ethmoid, nasal, lacrimals, and sphenoid
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

27) Features of the maxillae include ________.
A) sinuses
B) alveolar processes
C) orbital surfaces
D) infra-orbital groove
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
28) The temporal processes are part of which bone?
A) occipital
B) temporal
C) zygomatic
D) sphenoid
E) maxilla
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

29) Which of the following is true of the vomer bone?
A) It It forms the superior portion of the nasal septum.
B) It is attached to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity.
C) It articulates with the mandible and both the zygomatic bones.
D) It supports the olfactory epithelium.
E) It forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

30) Which feature of the palatine bone articulates with the maxilla to form the posterior portion of the bony palate?
A) perpendicular plate
B) ethmoidal crest
C) conchal crest
D) nasal crest
E) horizontal plate
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

31) The anterior two-thirds of the bony palate is formed by the ________ of the maxillae.
A) alveolar process
B) palatine process
C) frontal process
D) orbital surface
E) perpendicular plate
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

32) The ________ is/are the bone(s) that makes up the inferior portion of the nasal septum.
A) lacrimal bones
B) nasal bones
C) vomer
D) palatine bones
E) inferior nasal conchae
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

33) The ________ extends to the smooth articular surface of the head of the mandible.
A) alveolar part
B) mylohyoid line
C) coronoid process
D) condylar process
E) mandibular fossa
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

34) The bony structure of the orbit is composed of which of the following?
A) maxilla, zygomatic, lacrimal, and palatine only
B) ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal, lacrimal, maxilla, zygomatic, and palatine
C) zygomatic, nasal, frontal, and sphenoid only
D) zygomatic, nasal, frontal, sphenoid, palatine, lacrimal, and temporal
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.5
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

35) Which of the following bones forms most of the lateral wall of the orbit?
A) frontal bone
B) sphenoid bone
C) ethmoid bone
D) zygomatic bone
E) maxilla
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.5
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

36) Paranasal sinuses ________.
A) produce mucus
B) act as extensions of and open into the nasal cavities
C) resonate during sound production
D) lighten skull bones
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.5
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

37) Which bone makes up most of the floor of the orbit?
A) maxilla
B) sphenoid
C) frontal
D) palatine
E) ethmoid
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.5
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
38) Which bone is not in direct contact with any other bone of the skeleton?
A) ethmoid
B) sphenoid
C) palatine
D) hyoid
E) zygomatic
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.5
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

39) Fontaneles on an infant’s head ________.
A) occur where the cranial bones have not yet fused
B) allow the skull to be distorted without damage
C) are areas of fibrous connective tissue
D) All of the answers are correct.
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

40) Which of the following fontanelels is found at the junctions between the squamous suture and the coronal suture?
A) sphenoidal
B) anterior
C) lambdoid
D) mastoid
E) posterior
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

41) An anterior exaggeration of the lumbar curve can lead to which of the following?
A) lordosis
B) scoliosis
C) kyphosis
D) All of the answers are correct.
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

42) Compression injury is most likely to occur in which of the following?
A) coccygeal vertebrae
B) cervical vertebra
C) lumbar vertebra
D) sacral vertebra
E) thoracic vertebra
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
43) Which region of the vertebral column forms interlocking vertebral bodies that permit a relatively greater degree of flexibility than do those of other regions?
A) cervical
B) thoracic
C) lumbar
D) sacral
E) coccygeal
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

44) Which of the following spinal curvatures is/are convex anteriorly?
A) sacral only
B) thoracic and sacral
C) cervical only
D) lumbar and thoracic
E) cervical and lumbar
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing

45) The primary curves of the vertebral column are the ________.
A) cervical and thoracic
B) thoracic and sacral
C) dorsal and ventral
D) thoracic and coccygeal
E) cervical, lumbar, and sacral
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

46) The primary curvatures of the spine functions mainly in ________.
A) accommodation of the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera
B) aligning the weight of the head over the legs
C) shifting the weight of the trunk to the hips and lower extremities
D) increasing the ability to extend the limbs
E) taking weight off the hips
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

47) What vertebra contains the dens?
A) axis
B) atlas
C) cervical
D) sacrum
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
48) The vertebral arch ________.
A) projects dorsally and often caudally from the midline
B) is the part of the vertebra that transfers weight along the axis of the vertebral column
C) arises at the junction between the pedicle and the lamina
D) forms the lateral and posterior margins of the vertebral foramen
E) are interconnected by ligaments and separated by pads of fibrous cartilage
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

49) The major function of the vertebral body is to ________.
A) allow twisting motions
B) provide support
C) protect the spinal cord
D) transfer weight along the axis of the vertebral column
E) provide a passageway for nerves
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

50) Which of the following structures can most easily be felt on the dorsum?
A) transverse process
B) spinous process
C) vertebral body
D) intervertebral disc
E) pedicle
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

51) Which of the following can be found on cervical vertebrae only?
A) facets
B) transverse processes
C) transverse foramina
D) laminae
E) spinous processes
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

52) Which type of vertebra has a transverse costal facet?
A) coccygeal
B) sacral
C) cervical
D) lumbar
E) thoracic
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

53) The posterior tubercle is a part of the ________.
A) atlas
B) vertebra prominens
C) sacral promontory
D) axis
E) thoracic vertebra
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

54) Ribs 1-10 articulate with the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae and facets on (the) ________.
A) spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae
B) transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae
C) spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae
D) xiphoid process of the sternum
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing

55) In the condition called spina bifida, the most common neural tube defect (NTD), a portion of the spinal cord develops abnormally such that the adjacent ________ do not form.
A) spinous processes
B) pedicles
C) vertebral arches
D) transverse processes
E) vertebral bodies
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

56) The vertebral column ________.
A) provides a passageway for cranial nerves that begin or end at the spinal cord
B) consists of 26 vertebrae, the sacrum, and the coccyx
C) helps maintain the curved position of the body while sitting or standing
D) provides a column of support, bearing the weight of the hips and lower limbs
E) is divided into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

57) In the normal adult, there are ________ distinct curvatures to the vertebral column.
A) five
B) three
C) four
D) seven
E) six
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
58) The ________ arise at the junction between the vertebral pedicles and laminae, and are divided into a superior type, which projects cranially, and an inferior type, which projects caudally.
A) costal processes
B) articular processes
C) vertebral bodies
D) transverse processes
E) spinous processes
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

59) The transverse foramina function in ________.
A) permitting rotation of the head
B) providing additional surface area for muscle attachment
C) maintaining the cervical curvature without muscular effort
D) protecting the vertebral arteries and vertebral veins, which are important blood vessels supplying the brain
E) permitting nodding of the head but prevent twisting
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

60) During development, the body of C1 fuses to the body of C2, creating the prominent ________ of the axis.
A) bifid process
B) pedicle
C) vertebral prominens
D) costal process
E) dens
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

61) Ribs 11 and 12 and called ________ ribs.
A) floating
B) false
C) true
D) vertebrochondral
E) Both floating and false are correct
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
62) The ________, which is the interface between the cervical curve and the thoracic curve, has a long, slender spinous process that ends in a broad tubercle that can be felt beneath the skin at the base of the neck.
A) vertebra prominens
B) axis
C) T1 vertebra
D) atlas
E) None of the answers are correct.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

63) The spinous processes of the five fused sacral vertebrae form a series of elevations along the ________.
A) median sacral crest
B) lateral sacral tuberosity
C) medial sacral hiatus
D) medial sacral promontory
E) lateral sacral cornua
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 6.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

64) The true ribs ________.
A) consist of twelve pairs
B) are the only ribs that are unpaired
C) attach to the sternum by separate cartilaginous extensions
D) attach only to the vertebral column
E) attach directly to the body of the sternum by bone to bone contact
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 6.8
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding

65) Choose the correct combination matching the type of rib to its associated number of ribs.
A) true ribs; 6
B) false ribs; 4
C) true ribs; 4
D) floating ribs; 4
E) true ribs; 10
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 6.8
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing