Human Anatomy 5Th Edition By Michael McKinley – Test Bank

Human Anatomy 5Th Edition By Michael McKinley – Test Bank

Chapter 10
Muscle Tissue and Organization

Multiple Choice Questions

1.
Which are considered specific characteristics of all muscle cells?
a: Contractility
b: Extensibility
c: Excitability
d: Elasticity
e: Conductivity

A. a, c, d, e
B. b, c, d
C. a, b, d, e
D. a, b, c, d
E. a, b, c, d, e

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G01.01 Describe the major functions of muscle tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module G01 General functions of muscle tissue.
Learning Objective: 10.01.01. List and explain the five unique properties of muscle tissue.
Section: 10.02a
Topic: General functions of muscle tissue

2. Which are possible functions of skeletal muscles?
a: Maintenance of posture
b: Both highly coordinated and localized simple movements
c: Temperature regulation
d: Support of certain body organs
e: Restricting the movement of material through certain body tracts
A. a, b, e
B. a, b, c
C. a, b, c, e
D. a, b, c, d
E. a, b, c, d, e

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G01.01 Describe the major functions of muscle tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module G01 General functions of muscle tissue.
Learning Objective: 10.01.01. List and explain the five unique properties of muscle tissue.
Section: 10.02a
Topic: General functions of muscle tissue

3. In general, a skeletal muscle is composed of
a: Connective tissue sheaths
b: Nerves
c: Arteries
d: Veins
e: Muscle fibers
A. a, b, c, e
B. a, b, d, e
C. b, c, d, e
D. a, b, c, d
E. a, b, c, d, e

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G02.02 Describe the structure, location in the body and function of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle.
HAPS Topic: Module G02 Identification, general location, and comparative characteristics of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue.
Learning Objective: 10.02.03. Describe the levels of organization in a skeletal muscle.
Section: 10.02c
Topic: Gross anatomy of skeletal muscle

4. Which is a correct listing of the hierarchy of a skeletal muscle’s components, beginning with the smallest?
a: Myofibrils
b: Muscle fiber
c: Fascicle
d: Skeletal muscle
A. a, b, c, d
B. a, c, b, d
C. d, c, b, a
D. c, b, a, d
E. b, c, a, d

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.01 Describe the organization of muscle tissue from cell to whole muscle to groups of muscles.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.02.03. Describe the levels of organization in a skeletal muscle.
Section: 10.02b
Topic: Gross anatomy of skeletal muscle

5.
Which is the correct order of the connective tissue layers of a skeletal muscle, beginning with the most superficial?
a: Endomysium
b: Epimysium
c: Perimysium

A. a, b, c
B. b, a, c
C. c, a, b
D. b, c, a
E. c, b, a

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.02 Name the connective tissue layers that surround each cell, fascicle, muscle, and group of muscles and indicate the specific type of connective tissue that composes all of these layers.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.02.03. Describe the levels of organization in a skeletal muscle.
Section: 10.02c
Topic: Gross anatomy of skeletal muscle

6. The structure responsible for attaching muscle to bone is a
A. sphincter.
B. ligament.
C. fascia.
D. tendon.
E. myofibril.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G03.02 Name the connective tissue layers that surround each cell, fascicle, muscle, and group of muscles and indicate the specific type of connective tissue that composes all of these layers.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.02.04. Explain how muscles are attached to other body structures.
Section: 10.02b
Topic: Gross anatomy of skeletal muscle

7. The neurons that stimulate muscle contraction are called _____ neurons.
A. sensory
B. contractile
C. inhibitory
D.
somatic motor

E. association

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.06 Describe the anatomy of the neuromuscular junction.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.06. Describe the structure of a neuromuscular junction.
Section: 10.03b
Topic: Gross anatomy of skeletal muscle

8. The multiple nuclei in skeletal muscle cells are the result of the
A. fusion of myoblasts.
B. cytokinesis of embryonic satellite cells.
C. spontaneous development of nuclei in embryonic cells.
D. stimulation of fibroblasts by hormones.
E. action of testosterone on mesenchyme cell.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G02.03 Compare and contrast the characteristics of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle.
HAPS Topic: Module G02 Identification, general location, and comparative characteristics of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue.
Learning Objective: 10.02.05. Detail the components of muscle fibers.
Section: 10.02c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

9. Which protein makes up the thick filaments?
A. Myosin
B. Actin
C. Tropomyosin
D. Troponin
E. Myopathy

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.04 Explain the organization of a myofibril.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.02.05. Detail the components of muscle fibers.
Section: 10.02c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

10. What is the letter associated with the dark bands in a sarcomere?
A. I
B. A
C. Z
D. M
E. H

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.04 Explain the organization of a myofibril.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.08. Detail the structure and function of a motor unit.
Section: 10.03c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

11.
In a sarcomere, which letter is associated with the thin dark line in the middle of an I band?

A. A
B. Z
C. M
D. H

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.04 Explain the organization of a myofibril.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.08. Detail the structure and function of a motor unit.
Section: 10.03c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

12.
In a sarcomere, which letter is associated with a region within the A band that is more lightly shaded because only thick filaments are present?

A. I
B. A
C. M
D. Z
E. H

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.04 Explain the organization of a myofibril.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.08. Detail the structure and function of a motor unit.
Section: 10.03c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

13.
In a sarcomere, which letter is associated with the light band that contains thin filaments only?

A. I
B. A
C. M
D. Z
E. H

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.04 Explain the organization of a myofibril.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.08. Detail the structure and function of a motor unit.
Section: 10.03c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

14.
A sarcomere is defined as the distance from one _____ to the next.

A. Z disc
B. I band
C. H zone
D. A band
E. M line

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.04 Explain the organization of a myofibril.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.08. Detail the structure and function of a motor unit.
Section: 10.03c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

15. Which is not a protein found in thin filaments?
A. Actin
B. Troponin
C. Tropomyosin
D.
Myosin

E. No exceptions; all are found in thin filaments.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G03.05 Name, and describe the function of, each of the contractile, regulatory, and structural protein components of a sarcomere.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.02.05. Detail the components of muscle fibers.
Section: 10.02c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

16. Which incorrectly describes what happens during skeletal muscle contraction?
A. The width of the A band remains constant.
B. The H zone disappears.
C. The Z discs of a sarcomere move farther apart.
D. The sarcomere narrows.
E. The I bands narrow.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Apply
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G04.02 Describe the sequence of events involved in the contraction cycle of skeletal muscle.
HAPS Topic: Module G04 Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction.
Learning Objective: 10.03.07. Explain the process of skeletal muscle contraction.
Section: 10.03d
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

17. The narrow space that separates the motor neuron and the skeletal muscle fiber in a neuromuscular junction is called the
A. motor end plate.
B. synaptic vesicle.
C. synaptic cleft.
D. synaptic knob.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G03.06 Describe the anatomy of the neuromuscular junction.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.06. Describe the structure of a neuromuscular junction.
Section: 10.03b
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

18. Which structures are reservoirs that store acetylcholine?
A. Synaptic vesicles
B. Synaptic clefts
C. Terminal cisternae
D. Lysosomes
E. Sarcomeres

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.06 Describe the anatomy of the neuromuscular junction.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.06. Describe the structure of a neuromuscular junction.
Section: 10.03b
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

19. Which are the reservoirs that store the calcium required for muscle contraction?
A. Synaptic vesicles
B. Synaptic clefts
C. Terminal cisternae
D. Peroxisomes
E. Mitochondria

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.03 Describe a skeletal muscle fiber including the transverse (T) tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum and myofibrils.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.07. Explain the process of skeletal muscle contraction.
Section: 10.03d
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

20. The calcium ions involved in skeletal muscle contraction bind to a(n)______ subunit.
A. myosin
B. actin
C. elastin
D. tropomyosin
E. troponin

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G04.02 Describe the sequence of events involved in the contraction cycle of skeletal muscle.
HAPS Topic: Module G04 Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction.
Learning Objective: 10.03.07. Explain the process of skeletal muscle contraction.
Section: 10.03d
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

21. Which of the myofilaments of a muscle fiber has the active sites to which the heads of the thick filaments will bind?
A. Actin
B. Troponin
C. Tropomyosin
D. Myosin
E.
Thick filament

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G03.05 Name, and describe the function of, each of the contractile, regulatory, and structural protein components of a sarcomere.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.03.07. Explain the process of skeletal muscle contraction.
Section: 10.03c
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

22. Which sequence correctly lists the changes that allow the thick and thin filaments to slide past one another in skeletal muscle contraction?
A. Attach – pivot – detach – return
B. Pivot – attach – return – detach
C. Attach – detach – pivot – return
D. Return – pivot – attach – detach
E. Pivot – attach – detach – return

Bloom’s Level: 4. Apply
HAPS Objective: G04.02 Describe the sequence of events involved in the contraction cycle of skeletal muscle.
HAPS Topic: Module G04 Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction.
Learning Objective: 10.03.07. Explain the process of skeletal muscle contraction.
Section: 10.03c
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

23. Which is the neurotransmitter that causes the release of calcium ions and initiates the steps of skeletal muscle fiber contraction?
A. Acetylcholinesterase
B. Acetylcholine
C. Serotonin
D. Norepinephrine

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: G04.04 Describe, in order, the events that occur at the neuromuscular junction that elicit an action potential in the muscle fiber.
HAPS Topic: Module G04 Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction.
Learning Objective: 10.03.07. Explain the process of skeletal muscle contraction.
Section: 10.03c
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

24. A motor unit consists of
a: A single motor neuron
b: Neuromuscular junctions
c: Muscle fibers
d: Several motor neurons
e: A single muscle fiber
A. a, b, e
B. a, b, c
C. b, c, d
D. a, e
E. c, d

Bloom’s Level: 4. Apply
HAPS Objective: G06.03 Define the term motor unit.
HAPS Topic: Module G06 Principles and types of whole muscle contraction.
Learning Objective: 10.03.08. Detail the structure and function of a motor unit.
Section: 10.03e
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

25. When muscle tension is greater than the resistance (weight), movement ______ occur.
A. will
B. will not

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G06.05 Demonstrate isotonic and isometric contraction and interpret graphs of tension vs. time and muscle length vs. time for each type of contraction.
HAPS Topic: Module G06 Principles and types of whole muscle contraction.
Learning Objective: 10.03.09. Compare isometric and isotonic contractions.
Section: 10.03e
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

26. When a muscle is isometrically contracted, its length _______ change.
A. does
B. does not

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G06.05 Demonstrate isotonic and isometric contraction and interpret graphs of tension vs. time and muscle length vs. time for each type of contraction.
HAPS Topic: Module G06 Principles and types of whole muscle contraction.
Learning Objective: 10.03.09. Compare isometric and isotonic contractions.
Section: 10.03e
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

27. Which contraction occurs when you try (unsuccessfully) to move a wall?
A. Isometric
B. Isotonic

Bloom’s Level: 4. Apply
HAPS Objective: G06.05 Demonstrate isotonic and isometric contraction and interpret graphs of tension vs. time and muscle length vs. time for each type of contraction.
HAPS Topic: Module G06 Principles and types of whole muscle contraction.
Learning Objective: 10.03.09. Compare isometric and isotonic contractions.
Section: 10.03e
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

28. Which may occur as a result of muscle atrophy?
A. Muscle size is reduced.
B. Fibers become weaker.
C. Muscle loses tone.
D. Fibers waste away and die.
E. All of the choices are correct.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G11.01 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the muscular system responds to maintain homeostasis in the body.
HAPS Topic: Module G11 Application of homeostatic mechanisms.
Learning Objective: 10.06.13. Explain what occurs during muscle atrophy and muscle hypertrophy.
Section: 10.04a
Topic: Effects of aging and exercise on the muscular system

29. The resistance to fatigue of fast fibers is ______ when compared to that of slow or intermediate fibers.
A. low
B. high
C. identical

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G03.07 List the anatomical and metabolic characteristics of fast, slow, and intermediate muscle fibers.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.04.11. Explain the types of movements facilitated by slow oxidative, fast oxidative, and fast glycolytic muscle fibers.
Section: 10.04a
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

30. The type of fibers specialized to continue contracting for extended periods of time, as would be required in running a marathon, for example, are _____ fibers.
A. fast
B. slow
C. intermediate
D. fast and intermediate
E. slow and intermediate

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G03.07 List the anatomical and metabolic characteristics of fast, slow, and intermediate muscle fibers.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.04.11. Explain the types of movements facilitated by slow oxidative, fast oxidative, and fast glycolytic muscle fibers.
Section: 10.04a
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

31. The vascular supply to slow muscle fibers is ______ the network of capillaries around fast muscle fibers.
A. more extensive than
B. less extensive than
C. the same as that of

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G03.07 List the anatomical and metabolic characteristics of fast, slow, and intermediate muscle fibers.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.04.11. Explain the types of movements facilitated by slow oxidative, fast oxidative, and fast glycolytic muscle fibers.
Section: 10.04a
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle

32. Which fibers dominate many of the back and calf muscles that contract almost continually to maintain posture?
A. Slow
B. Fast
C. Intermediate

Bloom’s Level: 4. Apply
HAPS Objective: G03.07 List the anatomical and metabolic characteristics of fast, slow, and intermediate muscle fibers.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.04.11. Explain the types of movements facilitated by slow oxidative, fast oxidative, and fast glycolytic muscle fibers.
Section: 10.04a
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

33. The top long distance runners probably have _______ proportion of slow muscle fibers in their leg muscles.
A. a higher
B. a lower
C. the same

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G03.07 List the anatomical and metabolic characteristics of fast, slow, and intermediate muscle fibers.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.04.11. Explain the types of movements facilitated by slow oxidative, fast oxidative, and fast glycolytic muscle fibers.
Section: 10.04a
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction

34. The majority of skeletal muscle fibers in the body are _____ fibers.
A. slow
B. fast
C. intermediate

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: G03.07 List the anatomical and metabolic characteristics of fast, slow, and intermediate muscle fibers.
HAPS Topic: Module G03 Detailed gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
Learning Objective: 10.04.10. Identify the characteristics of the three types of skeletal muscle fibers.
Section: 10.04a
Topic: Physiology of skeletal muscle contraction