Government in America People, Politics, And Policy 2016 Presidential Election 17Th Ed By George C – Test Bank

Government in America People, Politics, And Policy 2016 Presidential Election 17Th Ed By George C – Test Bank

8

Political Parties

Multiple-Choice Questions

1. A core function of political parties is __________. a. dividing the electorate b. narrowing voter choice — Consider This: Voters can choose among the candidates. c. nominating candidates d. reducing accountability mechanisms Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.1.1 Topic: The Meaning of Party Learning Objective: LO 8.1: Identify the functions of political parties. Page Reference: 219 Skill Level: Remember the Facts Difficulty Level: Easy 2. Which statement best describes the functioning of party machines in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? a. Parties provided policy support to rural electorates in exchange for votes. b. Parties provided jobs to rural electorates in exchange for votes. c. Parties provided patronage jobs to loyal supporters, especially in urban areas. d. Parties provided cash handouts to rural electorates in exchange for jobs. — Consider This: Job was awarded for political reason after election.. Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.3.2 Topic: The Party Organizations: From the Grass Roots to Washington Learning Objective: LO 8.3: Describe the structure of political parties at the national, state, and local level. Page Reference: 225-226 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 3. What best explains the demise of party machines? a. congressional reforms that prevented private party meetings in “smoke-filled rooms” b. Keynesian economic reforms that increased individual wealth c. judicial reforms that ended the “pay to play” system of assigning public defenders — Consider This: Party machine weakened after it gave jobs based on the ability to perform the job. d. progressive reforms that instituted a merit-based hiring system Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.3.3 Topic: The Party Organizations: From the Grass Roots to Washington Learning Objective: LO 8.3: Describe the structure of political parties at the national, state, and local level. Page Reference: 226 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Moderate 4. One of the consequences of two-party government is __________. a. greater fluidity of representation b. the increased likelihood of coalition government — Consider This: If America has multiple parties, there may be a coalition government in order to reduce the political conflicts. c. the increased likelihood of proportional representation d. the moderation of political conflict Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.6.4 Topic: Third Parties: Their Impact on American Politics Learning Objective: LO 8.6: Evaluate the role of minor parties in the U.S. electoral system. Page Reference: 236 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Difficult 5. What important role do third parties play in American democracy? a. They bring new voters into the electorate. b. They frequently win elections in crucial swing states. c. They simplify citizens’ choices on Election Day. — Consider This: America has a two party system most of the time. d. They draft most legislation that is eventually enacted by one of the major parties. Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.6.5 Topic: Third Parties: Their Impact on American Politics Learning Objective: LO 8.6: Evaluate the role of minor parties in the U.S. electoral system. Page Reference: 236 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Moderate 6. The __________ is the formal structure of the political party that sets rules for party operations, pursues electoral victories, and keeps the party running between elections. a. party as an organization b. party as provider c. party in the electorate — Consider This: Political Party is the group of the people that tries to win the election. d. party in government Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.1.6 Topic: The Meaning of Party Learning Objective: LO 8.1: Identify the functions of political parties. Page Reference: 220 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 7. The responsible party model implies that parties should __________. a. adhere to the party platform b. make the best decisions for the country despite what public opinion suggests — Consider This: In order to win the election, the party should appeal to as many voters as possible. c. use more patronage d. be more accountable to interest group demands Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.7.7 Topic: Understanding Political Parties Learning Objective: LO 8.7: Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of responsible party government. Page Reference: 238 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 8. A major party realignment occurred during the initial election of President _________. a. Barack Obama b. George W. Bush c. Franklin Roosevelt d. Herbert Hoover — Consider This: Party realignment is a long term shift of party allegiance by individuals and groups. Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.8 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 258 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 9. Which is not a true statement on congressional voting on Presidential agendas? a. party -line voting is very common b. bi-partisan voting is possible c. president opposition party sometimes vote for the legislation — Consider This: President sometimes gets more support from the opposition party rather than his own party. d. a president’s wish is always respected by his party Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.7.9 Topic: Understanding Political Parties Learning Objective: LO 8.7: Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of responsible party government. Page Reference: 239 Skill Level: Analyze it Difficulty Level: Moderate 10. What is the most basic task of a political party? a. reflect people’s wish on public policy — Consider This: Parties can do this after they become a government. b. develops a new policy according to the social change c. winning elections d. guarantees the freedom of religion Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.1.10 Topic: The Meaning of Party Learning Objective: LO 8.1: Identify the functions of political parties. Page Reference: 219 Skill Level: Understanding the concept Difficulty Level: Moderate 11. The __________ is the official statement of a political party’s policy alternatives. a. articles of incorporation b. party constitution — Consider This: Party’s official statement on various policy is adopted every 4 years at the convention. c. platform d. gavel Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.1.11 Topic: The Meaning of Party Learning Objective: LO 8.1: Identify the functions of political parties. Page Reference: 221 Skill Level: Remember the Facts Difficulty Level: Easy 12. Who are most likely to engage in ticket splitting? a. nonvoters b. Democrats — Consider This: Ticket splitting occurs when a voter does not have a strong party affiliation. c. Independents d. Republicans Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.2.12 Topic: The Party in the Electorate Learning Objective: LO 8.2: Determine the significance of party identification in America today. Page Reference: 224 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Easy 13. Which of these is an electoral “earthquake” where new issues emerge, new coalitions replace old ones, and the majority party may be displaced by the minority party? a. a critical election b. a midterm election c. a coalition election — Consider This: Party realignment is usually followed after these elections. d. a seismological election Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.13 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 230 Skill Level: Understanding the concept Difficulty Level: Moderate 14. The New Deal coalition fell apart after nearly four decades of political control with the movement of __________ from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party. a. urbanites b. Catholics and Jews c. Asians and Hispanics — Consider This: Ethnic minorities are still more likely to vote for Democrat. d. Southern conservatives Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.14 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 232-233 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 15. Which of the following is a potential danger associated with open primaries? a. The other party can “raid” the primary to vote for the least viable candidate. b. Open primaries may result in the election of more extreme candidates. c. The presence of too many candidates on the ballot can confuse voters. — Consider This: Primary election is the process to select the best candidate among the many potential candidates.. d. Open primaries give too much power to those who reside outside of the district. Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.3.15 Topic: The Party Organizations: From the Grass Roots to Washington Learning Objective: LO 8.3: Describe the structure of political parties at the national, state, and local level. Page Reference: 227 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Difficult 16. Part of Anthony Downs’s rational-choice model is that __________. a. voters want to maximize the chance that their preferred policies will be adopted by government b. logic and reason always prevail in the American electorate c. party identity will lose its importance over the next 100 years d. voters are acting rationally when they vote against their self-interest — Consider This: Rational choice assumes that individuals act in their own best interest. Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.1.16 Topic: The Meaning of Party Learning Objective: LO 8.1: Identify the functions of political parties. Page Reference: 221 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 17. How is the national chair of the president’s party selected? a. elected in the primary during midterm election years b. selected by the president and routinely ratified by the national committee c. selected by the governors belonging to the president’s party d. elected by the president’s party’s congressional delegation — Consider This: The head of the political party that controls the white house is the president. Answer: b Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.3.17 Topic: The Party Organizations: From the Grass Roots to Washington Learning Objective: LO 8.3: Describe the structure of political parties at the national, state, and local level. Page Reference: 228 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 18. What is the party in the electorate? a. party officers who seek to educate the public on key party stances b. public officials who are registered with a political party c. voters active in the business of the party — Consider This: About 60 percent of people identify themselves as a Democrat or Republican. d. all citizens who claim to be a member of a political party Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.1.18 Topic: The Meaning of Party; Learning Objective: LO 8.1: Identify the functions of political parties. Page Reference: 220 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 19. Critics of the responsible party model claim that __________. a. it has contributed to the vilification of the word compromise b. it causes unneeded tension between Democrats and Republicans — Consider This: It is almost impossible to make a policy that satisfies everyone.. c. it is unwise because it is not subject to constitutional constraints d. it is too simple for the complexity and diversity of American society Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.7.19 Topic: Understanding Political Parties Learning Objective: LO 8.7: Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of responsible party government. Page Reference: 239 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Moderate 20. The years 1860–1928 saw the dominance of which party? a. Democratic-Republicans b. Democrats — Consider This: President Lincoln was elected as president in 1860. c. Federalists d. Republicans Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.20 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 232 Skill Level: Remember the fact Difficulty Level: Easy 21. Today’s youngest voters are most likely to identify as __________. a. partisans b. Democrats — Consider This: Younger voters are less partisan than older voters. c. Independents d. Republicans Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.2.21 Topic: The Party in the Electorate Learning Objective: LO 8.2: Determine the significance of party identification in America today. Page Reference: 224 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Easy 22. How are critical elections and party realignments interrelated? a. A party realignment is a larger version of a critical election. b. A party realignment is a smaller version of a critical election. c. A party realignment occurs before one or more critical elections and may be characterized by gradual or dramatic change. — Consider This: Party realignment is a long term shift of party allegiance after certain political and social changes. d. A party realignment occurs as a result of one or more critical elections and may be associated with a national crisis. Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.22 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 230 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Difficult 23. The national __________ is the supreme power of the national party organization. a. assembly b. convention c. delegation — Consider This: It meets every four years to nominate the candidate and write a party platform.. d. legislature Answer: b Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.3.23 Topic: The Party Organizations: From the Grass Roots to Washington Learning Objective: LO 8.3: Describe the structure of political parties at the national, state, and local level. Page Reference: 225 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 24. Which president forged the New Deal coalition? a. Lyndon Johnson — Consider This: The New Deal was proposed to overcome the Great Depression. b. William McKinley c. Franklin Roosevelt d. Harry Truman Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.24 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 232 Skill Level: Remember the Facts Difficulty Level: Easy 25. Richard Nixon’s __________ attempted to bring conservatives over to the Republican Party in what was a Democratic stronghold at the time. a. Southern strategy b. Western strategy c. suburban strategy d. urban strategy — Consider This: Former Confederate states remain as conservative states. Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.25 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 233 Skill Level: Remember the Facts Difficulty Level: Moderate 26. What does Ralph Nader’s 2000 presidential election bid illustrate regarding the role of third parties? a. third parties’ ineffective organization — Consider This: Third parties rarely win the election, but is capable of getting a small portion of electorate’s support. b. third parties’ absence of media attention c. third parties’ poor candidate choices d. third parties’ potential to affect the outcome of the election Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.6.26 Topic: Third Parties: Their Impact on American Politics Learning Objective: LO 8.6: Evaluate the role of minor parties in the U.S. electoral system. Page Reference: 236 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Difficult 27. A key component of Anthony Downs’s rational-choice model is that __________. a. voters want to maximize the country’s well-being — Consider This: The Rational Choice model assumes that individuals act in their own interest. b. voters want to maximize party-line victories c. parties want to have meaningful policy debates d. parties want to win office Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.1.27 Topic: The Meaning of Party Learning Objective: LO 8.1: Identify the functions of political parties. Page Reference: 221 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 28. Who runs the national party organizations between conventions? a. the parties in the electorate b. the state party organizations — Consider This: States send representatives to compose this group. c. the party’s congressional caucus d. the party’s national committee Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.3.28 Topic: The Party Organizations: From the Grass Roots to Washington Learning Objective: LO 8.3: Describe the structure of political parties at the national, state, and local level. Page Reference: 228 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 29. Party dealignment is associated with __________. a. an increase in labor unions b. increasingly politicized evangelical congregations c. an increase in divided government d. a rising number of Democrats — Consider This: Party dealignment encourages ticket splitting voting choices. Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.29 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 236 Skill Level: Apply What You Know Difficulty Level: Difficult 30. Advocates of the responsible party model believe parties should craft a platform, candidates should run on that platform, and the majority party should __________. a. implement it b. refine it according to officeholders’ preferences c. set it aside and craft a new platform that it will attempt to enact d. do whatever is necessary to stay in the majority — Consider This: Political party is supposed to carry out what they promised to do during the campaign. Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.7.30 Topic: Understanding Political Parties Learning Objective: LO 8.7: Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of responsible party government. Page Reference: 238 Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate 31. The shift in political coalitions that stemmed from the 1896 presidential election resulted in __________. a. a critical election — Consider This: The 1896 election was an electoral earthquake. b. a party dealignment c. a party realignment d. the New Deal coalition Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.31 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 232 Skill Level: Remember the Facts Difficulty Level: Easy 32. The loyal opposition in the era of Democratic President Andrew Jackson was __________. a. Republican party — Consider This: The Republican party rose in the 1850s. b. Federalist c. the Whig Party d. the progressive party Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.32 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 231 Skill Level: Remember the fact Difficulty Level: Moderate 33. The late 1960s marked the start of __________. a. dealignment b. the New Deal coalition — Consider This: The New Deal coalition was created after the Great Recession and lasted until the 1960s. c. the era of good feelings d. the third-party era Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.33 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 233 Skill Level: Apply What You Know Difficulty Level: Moderate 34. When can a party change its platform? a. after the census b. at the start of each fiscal year c. during its national party convention d. every two years — Consider This: Party platform is adopted every four years. Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.3.34 Topic: The Party Organizations: From the Grass Roots to Washington Learning Objective: LO 8.3: Describe the structure of political parties at the national, state, and local level. Page Reference: 228 Skill Level: Remember the fact Difficulty Level: Easy 35. Of the following, who is most likely to split their ticket? a. younger voters b. older voters c. angry voters — Consider This: Independent voters usually split their tickets. d. minorities Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.2.35 Topic: The Party in the Electorate Learning Objective: LO 8.2: Determine the significance of party identification in America today. Page Reference: 224 Skill Level: Apply What You Know Difficulty Level: Difficult 36. According to the Downs model, candidates are ideologically likely to place themselves __________. a. at the center — Consider This: If political parties stand at the center, there is no difference between parties.. b. near the center c. somewhat close to the extremes d. as far to the left or right as possible Answer: b Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.1.36 Topic: The Meaning of Party Learning Objective: LO 8.1: Identify the functions of political parties. Page Reference: 223 Skill Level: Understand the concept Difficulty Level: Moderate 37. What is a disadvantage of divided government? a. It acts as a check and balance across institutions. — Consider This: Gridlock is the usual consequence of divided government. b. It often expands the scope of government. c. It does not allow for clear accountability on policy. d. It often stunts economic growth. Answer: c Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.37 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 235 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Difficult 38. European democracies have more parties in positions of political power than does the United States because of their use of __________. a. party platforms b. winner-take-all systems — Consider This: Winner-take-all-system usually creates two party system. c. critical elections d. proportional representation Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.6.38 Topic: Third Parties: Their Impact on American Politics Learning Objective: LO 8.6: Evaluate the role of minor parties in the U.S. electoral system. Page Reference: 237 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Difficult 39. Which demographic group was a key part of the New Deal coalition? a. African Americans b. rural voters c. the wealthy — Consider This: The New deal coalition supported the Democratic party. d. Protestants Answer: a Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.5.39 Topic: Party Eras in American History Learning Objective: LO 8.5: Trace the evolution of political parties in America. Page Reference: 233 Skill Level: Remember the fact Difficulty Level: Moderate 40. Why are coalition governments so prevalent in parliamentary systems? a. Parliamentary systems are nonpartisan, but coalition governments can often act much like parties. b. The winner-take-all system that is used in parliamentary systems encourages coalition governments. — Consider This: Winner-take-all-system usually creates two party system. c. Coalition governments discourage third parties. d. In a multiparty system with proportional representation, single parties usually do not win a majority of the seats. Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.6.40 Topic: Third Parties: Their Impact on American Politics Learning Objective: LO 8.6: Evaluate the role of minor parties in the U.S. electoral system. Page Reference: 237 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Difficult 41. Which has partly filled the void left by the decline of the urban party machine? a. labor unions — Consider This: Local party organizations help state and local candidates. b. corporations c. family farmers and small business owners d. county parties Answer: d Test Bank Item Title: TB_Q8.3.41 Topic: The Party Organizations: From the Grass Roots to Washington Learning Objective: LO 8.3: Describe the structure of political parties at the national, state, and local level. Page Reference: 226 Skill Level: Analyze It Difficulty Level: Difficult