Dental Terminology, 3rd Edition by Charline M. Dofka – Test Bank

Dental Terminology, 3rd Edition by Charline M. Dofka – Test Bank

Chapter 9: Radiology
TRUE/FALSE
1. Increasing the mA will cause a darker radiograph.
ANS: T
Increasing the mA increases the amount of available electrons and will cause a darker radiograph.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Control Factors in X-ray Generation
2. The kVp helps to determine the penetrating power of the radiation.
ANS: T
The kVp helps to determine the penetrating power and the quality/energy of the radiation rays.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Control Factors in X-ray Generation
3. Faster-speed film requires less exposure time for the patient.
ANS: T
Faster-speed film requires less radiation exposure time for the patient.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Control Factors in X-ray Generation
4. A film speed of A is faster than a film speed of F.
ANS: F
The farther in the alphabet, the faster the film, so A is slower than F
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Control Factors in X-ray Generation
5. Primary radiation is the desired radiation and is used to expose the radiographic film.
ANS: T
Primary radiation is the desired radiation and is used to expose the radiographic film.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Types of X-ray Radiation
6. Repeated exposure to radiation results in buildup called the latent period.
ANS: F
Repeated exposure to radiation results in buildup and is called the cumulative effect.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Properties of Roentgen Rays
7. The operator typically wears a lead shield/apron to reduce exposure to radiation.
ANS: F
The patient is the one who typically wears a lead shield/apron to reduce exposure to radiation.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Safety Precaution Items
2
8. Underdeveloped films are dark and hard to view.
ANS: F
Underdeveloped films are lighter but still hard to view.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Radiographic Film Processing
9. Overdeveloped films result when films are allowed to 揻ix? too long.
ANS: F
Overdeveloped films result when they are allowed to remain in the developing solution too long.
Darkened films result.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Radiographic Film Processing
10. To increase the density of the film, increase the mA.
ANS: T
Increasing the mA is one way to increase the density of a film.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Diagnostic Qualities for Dental Radiographs
11. To increase the density of the film, increase the exposure time.
ANS: T
Increasing either or both the mA and the exposure time will increase the density of the film.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Diagnostic Qualities for Dental Radiographs
12. Cephalometric radiographs are used in orthodontic offices.
ANS: T
Cephalometric radiographs, which are extraoral radiographs, are used in orthodontic offices.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate
REF: Composition, Types, and Qualities of Dental Radiographs
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The part of the vacuum tube that serves as the electron source is the
a. cathode c. anode
b. filament d. all of the above
ANS: A
The part of the vacuum tube or x-ray tube that serves as the electron source is the cathode.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: How X-rays are Generated
3
2. The part of the vacuum tube that generates the electrons is the
a. cathode c. anode
b. filament d. all of the above
ANS: B
The part of the vacuum tube that generates the electrons is the filament.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: How X-rays are Generated
3. The part of the vacuum tube that converts electron force into photons is the
a. cathode c. focal spot
b. anode d. collimator
ANS: B
The part of the vacuum tube that converts the electron force into photons is the anode.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: How X-rays are Generated
4. Which of the following cells are most radiosensitive?
a. old skin cells c. young skin cells
b. old reproductive cells d. young reproductive cells
ANS: D
The most radiosensitive cells are young, reproductive cells.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Properties of Roentgen Rays
5. Using good radiographic technique and proper control settings will result in radiation exposure
that is
a. ALARA c. rad
b. MPD d. rem
ANS: A
Using good radiographic technique and proper control settings will result in radiation exposure
that is ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable).
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Radiation Protection
6. The purpose of a dosimeter is to
a. block radiation from genetic cells
b. beep when exposed to excess radiation
c. measure accumulated doses of radiation
d. practice radiographic technique
ANS: C
The purpose of a dosimeter is to measure accumulated doses of radiation.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Safety Precaution Items
4
7. A periapical film size for an adult posterior film is size
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4
ANS: B
A periapical film size for an adult posterior film is size 2. Size 1 is for anterior, 3 is for bitewings,
and 4 is an occlusal film.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult
REF: Composition, Types, and Qualities of Dental Radiographs
8. A periapical film size for a child is size
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. none of the above
ANS: D
A periapical film size for a child is size 0. Others are adult-size films.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult
REF: Composition, Types, and Qualities of Dental Radiographs
9. A panoramic radiograph shows
a. the bones of the skull and the entire dentition
b. all structures associated with a quadrant of teeth
c. all structures associated with an arch of teeth
d. the entire dentition and surrounding structures
ANS: D
A panoramic radiograph shows the entire dentition and surrounding structures on one film.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate
REF: Composition, Types, and Qualities of Dental Radiographs
10. Film contrast is
a. the amount of detail seen in a film c. black and white shade variations
b. the amount of black seen in a film d. outline sharpness and clarity
ANS: C
Film contrast is black and white shade variations.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Diagnostic Qualities for Dental Radiographs
11. Film contrast can be adjusted by changes in
a. mA c. exposure time
b. kVp d. all of the above
ANS: B
Film contrast can be adjusted by changes in kVp.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Diagnostic Qualities for Dental Radiographs
5
12. A radiolucent area on a film is
a. dark c. sharp
b. light d. fuzzy
ANS: A
A radiolucent area on a film is dark.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Diagnostic Qualities for Dental Radiographs
13. A radiopaque area on a film is
a. dark c. sharp
b. light d. fuzzy
ANS: B
A radiopaque area on a film is light.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Diagnostic Qualities for Dental Radiographs
14. When the central beam is not perpendicular to the film front, which of the following is most likely
to occur?
a. foreshortening c. darkening
b. elongation d. overlapping
ANS: D
When the central beam is not perpendicular to the film front, overlapping or cone cutting may
occur.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Positioning Terms for X-ray Exposure
15. The error that occurs when the PID is angulated too high is called
a. lightening c. foreshortening
b. darkening d. penumbra
ANS: C
The error that occurs when the PID is angulated too high is called foreshortening.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Positioning Terms for X-ray Exposure
16. The purpose of hyposulfite of sodium in film developing is to
a. aid other chemicals in the processing activity
b. remove silver grains from the film
c. swell the film emulsion
d. remove other chemicals from the film
ANS: B
The purpose of hyposulfite of sodium in film developing is to remove silver grains from the film.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Radiographic Film Processing
6
17. Cone cutting occurs when
a. there is too much vertical angulation
b. temperature extremes occur during processing
c. the film packet is backward
d. the PID is not centered on the film
ANS: D
Cone cutting occurs when the PID is not centered on the film.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Assorted Radiographic Errors
18. Reticulation looks like
a. clear film c. light film
b. dark film d. stained glass
ANS: D
Reticulation looks like stained glass.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Assorted Radiographic Errors
19. Reticulation is caused by
a. temperature extremes during processing
b. light leaks in the darkroom
c. developing the film too long
d. too much radiation during exposure
ANS: A
Reticulation is caused by temperature extremes during processing.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Assorted Radiographic Errors
20. Penumbra is caused by
a. old film c. light leaks
b. hot solutions d. movement
ANS: D
Penumbra is caused by movement.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Assorted Radiographic Errors
21. Poor definition of forms is called
a. fog c. penumbra
b. reticulation d. herringbone effect
ANS: C
Poor definition of forms is called penumbra.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Assorted Radiographic Errors
22. A herringbone film is the result of improper
a. patient positioning c. PID placement
b. processing d. film placement
ANS: D
A herringbone film is the result of improper film placement. The film is put in backward.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Assorted Radiographic Errors
7
23. To avoid the herringbone effect
a. use more mA
b. use less mA
c. put the raised dot toward the PID
d. put the raised dot away from the PID
ANS: C
To avoid the herringbone effect, put the raised dot toward the PID. This is the correct side of the
film to face the radiation source.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Assorted Radiographic Errors
24. The XCP is used in
a. developing films c. mounting films
b. placing films d. none of the above
ANS: B
The XCP is used in placing films.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Positioning Devices
25. In the paralleling technique, the film is placed parallel to the
a. ala-tragus line c. central beam
b. long axis of the tooth d. sagittal plane
ANS: B
In the paralleling technique the film is placed parallel to the long axis of the tooth.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Techniques for Exposure of Radiographs
26. In the bisecting the angle technique, the bisected angle is formed by
a. the plane of the film and the long axis of the tooth
b. the ala-tragus line and the sagittal plane
c. the central beam and the tooth
d. none of the above
ANS: A
In the bisecting technique, the bisected angle is formed by the plane of the film and the long axis
of the tooth.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Techniques for Exposure of Radiographs
27. All of the following films can be considered intraoral radiographs EXCEPT
a. periapical c. occlusal
b. panoramic d. bitewing
ANS: B
Only a panoramic is considered only an extraoral film. Occlusal films can be both intraoral and
extraoral films.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult
REF: Composition, Types, and Qualities of Dental Radiographs
8
28. All of the following films can be considered extraoral EXCEPT
a. occlusal c. panoramic
b. cephalometric d. periapical
ANS: D
Only the periapical film is exclusively intraoral.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult
REF: Composition, Types, and Qualities of Dental Radiographs
29. A symptom of radiation overdose is
a. erythema c. focal spots
b. phantom pain d. none of the above
ANS: A
A symptom of radiation overdose is erythema.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Radiation Protection
30. The purpose of asking the patient about when and what type of dental x-rays were last taken is to
avoid
a. acute radiation exposure c. using a lead shield/apron
b. chronic radiation exposure d. stray radiation
ANS: B
The purpose of asking the patient about when and what type of dental x-rays were taken last is to
avoid chronic radiation exposure.
PTS: 1 DIF: difficult REF: Types of Exposure
31. The purpose of the collimator is to
a. avoid stray radiation
b. regulate the size of the primary beam
c. increase the number of available electrons
d. convert the electron force to photons
ANS: A
The purpose of the collimator is to avoid stray radiation.
PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: How X-rays are Generated
32. What is the unit of measurement used to determine the amount of biological absorption effects on
body tissues by different types of radiation energy?
a. rad c. rbe
b. rem d. MPD
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: moderate
REF: Measurement of Radiation Energy
33. Redness of the skin caused by an overdose of radiations is called
a. erythema c. arrthymia
b. edema d. hyperthermia
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: moderate REF: Radiation Protection
9
34. A radiograph that captures the complete dentition and surrounding structures is called a
a. cephalometric c. occlusal
b. pericapical d. panoramic
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: easy
REF: Composition, Types, and Qualities of Dental Radiographs
35. The radiographic error of overlapping is due to improper
a. vertical angulation c. negative angulation
b. horizontal angulation d. positive angulation
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: moderate
REF: Positioning Terms for X-ray Exposure
36. An error that results in a fuzzy image, possibly due to patient movement, is called
a. fog c. herringbone effect
b. penumbra d. reticulation
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: easy
REF: Assorted Radiographic Errors
37. A digital image can add depth elements called __________, which give a more three-dimensional
appearance.
a. pixels c. volumetrics
b. voxels d. coulomb
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: easy REF: 3D Radiology
COMPLETION
1. The type of imaging that requires no chemical processing is called __________.
ANS: digital
PTS: 1 DIF: easy REF: Digital Image Retrieval and Enhancement