Anatomy And Physiologyan Integrative Approach 2nd Edition by McKinley – Test Bank

Anatomy And Physiologyan Integrative Approach 2nd Edition by McKinley – Test Bank

Chapter 07
Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which is an alternate term for compact bone?
A. Cancellous bone
B. Trabecular bone
C. Spongy bone
D. Diploe
E. Cortical bone

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone.
HAPS Topic: Module F02 Structural components – microscopic anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.01.02 Compare and contrast compact and spongy bone.
Section: 07.01
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

2. What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates?
A.
Site of bone elongation and growth

B. Provides passageway for blood vessels
C. Forms articular surface
D. Supports soft tissues
E. Provides flexibility for bending

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each.
HAPS Topic: Module F02 Structural components – microscopic anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.01.03 Identify the types and locations of cartilage within the skeletal system.
Section: 07.01
Topic: Physiology of bone growth, repair, and remodeling

3. Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
A. Hyaline cartilage
B. Fibrocartilage
C. Reticular cartilage
D. Articular cartilage
E. Elastic cartilage

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each.
HAPS Topic: Module F02 Structural components – microscopic anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.01.03 Identify the types and locations of cartilage within the skeletal system.
Section: 07.01
Topic: Anatomy of cartilaginous joints

4.
Which is not a function of bone?

A. Protection
B. Mineral storage
C. Body movement
D. Hormone synthesis
E. Hemopoiesis

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F01.01 Describe the major functions of the skeletal system.
HAPS Topic: Module F01 General functions of bone & the skeletal system.
Learning Objective: 07.02.01 Describe the general functions of bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: General functions of bone and the skeletal system

5. Where does hemopoiesis occur?
A. Epiphyseal line
B. Endosteum
C. Red bone marrow
D. Yellow bone marrow
E. Nutrient foramina

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone.
HAPS Topic: Module F02 Structural components – microscopic anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.01 Describe the general functions of bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: General functions of bone and the skeletal system

6.
Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for

A. calcium, phosphate, and lipids.
B. steroids, proteins, and complex carbohydrates.
C. glycogen, nitrogenous bases, and calcium.
D. phosphate, glycogen, and nonpolar amino acids.
E. calcium, complex carbohydrates, and polar amino acids.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
HAPS Objective: F01.01 Describe the major functions of the skeletal system.
HAPS Topic: Module F01 General functions of bone & the skeletal system.
Learning Objective: 07.02.01 Describe the general functions of bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: General functions of bone and the skeletal system

7. The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as _____ bones.
A. long
B. irregular
C. short
D. flat
E. sesamoid

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F07.01 Identify the types of bones based on shape and composition (compact vs. spongy), and relate the shapes of bones to their functions.
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.02 Describe the four major classes of bones as determined by shape.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

8. The bones of the wrist are classified as _____ bones.
A. long
B. regular
C. short
D. irregular
E. flat

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F07.01 Identify the types of bones based on shape and composition (compact vs. spongy), and relate the shapes of bones to their functions.
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.02 Describe the four major classes of bones as determined by shape.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

9. Which is a sesamoid bone?
A. Patella
B. Cuboid
C. Talus
D. Sphenoid
E. Scaphoid

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F07.01 Identify the types of bones based on shape and composition (compact vs. spongy), and relate the shapes of bones to their functions.
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.02 Describe the four major classes of bones as determined by shape.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

10.
An example of a flat bone would be the

A. femur (of thigh).
B. radius (of forearm).
C. trapezoid (of wrist).
D. sternum (breast bone).
E. calcaneus (heel).

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F07.01 Identify the types of bones based on shape and composition (compact vs. spongy), and relate the shapes of bones to their functions.
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.02 Describe the four major classes of bones as determined by shape.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

11.
Flat bones

A. protect underlying soft tissue and may be slightly curved.
B. have elaborate shapes, and sometimes resemble sesame seeds.
C. include the bones of the wrist that glide across each other.
D. are, by definition, not at all curved.
E. have a diaphysis and an epiphysis.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: F07.01 Identify the types of bones based on shape and composition (compact vs. spongy), and relate the shapes of bones to their functions.
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.02 Describe the four major classes of bones as determined by shape.
Section: 07.02
Topic: General functions of bone and the skeletal system

12. Consider the classifications of bone, and examples of each. Which classification comprises bones used primarily for movement rather than protection?
A. Short bones
B. Long bones
C. Flat bones
D. Irregular bones
E. Regular bones

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
HAPS Objective: F07.01 Identify the types of bones based on shape and composition (compact vs. spongy), and relate the shapes of bones to their functions.
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.02 Describe the four major classes of bones as determined by shape.
Section: 07.02
Topic: General functions of bone and the skeletal system

13. Which region of a growing bone contains the epiphyseal plate?
A. Distal epiphysis
B. Proximal epiphysis
C. Metaphysis
D. Diaphysis
E. Periphysis

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F03.01 Identify the structural components of a long bone, with emphasis on region of longitudinal growth.
HAPS Topic: Module F03 Structural components – gross anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.03 Explain the structural components of a long bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

14.
The knobby region of a long bone at the end that is farthest from the trunk is the

A. distal diaphysis.
B. proximal epiphysis.
C. distal epiphysis.
D. superior diaphysis

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F03.01 Identify the structural components of a long bone, with emphasis on region of longitudinal growth.
HAPS Topic: Module F03 Structural components – gross anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.03 Explain the structural components of a long bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

Fill in the Blank Questions

15. The shaft of a long bone is called the _________.
diaphysis

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F03.01 Identify the structural components of a long bone, with emphasis on region of longitudinal growth.
HAPS Topic: Module F03 Structural components – gross anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.03 Explain the structural components of a long bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

16. Blood vessels enter the diaphysis of a long bone through an opening called the _________ foramen.
nutrient

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F07.03 Identify bone markings (spines, processes, foramina, etc.) and describe their function (e.g., point of articulation, muscle tendon attachment, ligament attachment, passageway for nerves and vessels).
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.05 Explain the general function of blood vessels and nerves that serve a bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

Multiple Choice Questions

17. What is the thin layer of connective tissue that lines the medullary cavity of a long bone?
A. Diaphysis
B. Epiphysis
C. Endosteum
D. Periosteum
E. Trabeculae

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F03.01 Identify the structural components of a long bone, with emphasis on region of longitudinal growth.
HAPS Topic: Module F03 Structural components – gross anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.03 Explain the structural components of a long bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

18.
Which is not true about the periosteum?

A. It includes two layers: outer fibrous and inner cellular.
B. It is composed of dense regular connective tissue.
C. It provides stem cells for bone growth and repair.
D. It is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers.
E. It covers the entire bone surface, with the exception of articular areas.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
HAPS Objective: F02.04 Explain the roles of dense regular and dense irregular connective tissue in the skeletal system.
HAPS Topic: Module F02 Structural components – microscopic anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.03 Explain the structural components of a long bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

19. The periosteum is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers called _____ fibers.
A. transverse
B. perforating
C. penetrating
D. connecting
E. cementing

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F02.04 Explain the roles of dense regular and dense irregular connective tissue in the skeletal system.
HAPS Topic: Module F02 Structural components – microscopic anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.03 Explain the structural components of a long bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

True / False Questions

20. Neither short nor flat bones contain a medullary cavity.
TRUE

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F07.01 Identify the types of bones based on shape and composition (compact vs. spongy), and relate the shapes of bones to their functions.
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.04 Compare the gross anatomy of other bones to that of a long bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

Fill in the Blank Questions

21. The spongy bone found within a flat bone is called _________.
diploe

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F07.01 Identify the types of bones based on shape and composition (compact vs. spongy), and relate the shapes of bones to their functions.
HAPS Topic: Module F07 Gross anatomy of bones.
Learning Objective: 07.02.04 Compare the gross anatomy of other bones to that of a long bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

Multiple Choice Questions

22. Bone is ________ and contains mainly ________ nerves.
A.
avascular; sensory

B.
avascular; motor

C.
highly vascularized; sensory

D.
highly vascularized; motor

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue.
HAPS Topic: Module F02 Structural components – microscopic anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.05 Explain the general function of blood vessels and nerves that serve a bone.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of bone

True / False Questions

23.
In adults, the medullary cavities of most long bones contain red marrow.

FALSE

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
HAPS Objective: F03.01 Identify the structural components of a long bone, with emphasis on region of longitudinal growth.
HAPS Topic: Module F03 Structural components – gross anatomy.
Learning Objective: 07.02.06 Compare and contrast the structure and location of the two types of bone marrow.
Section: 07.02
Topic: Gross anatomy of the axial skeleton

Multiple Choice Questions

24.
Severe anemia may trigger an adaptive conversion of

A. yellow marrow to red marrow.
B. red marrow to yellow marrow.
C. spongy bone to compact bone.
D. bone marrow to spongy bone.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
HAPS Objective: F09.01 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the skeletal system and articulations respond to maintain homeostasis in the body.
HAPS Topic: Module F09 Application of homeostatic mechanisms.
Learning Objective: 07.02.06 Compare and contrast the structure and location of the two types of bone marrow.
Section: 07.02
Topic: General functions of bone and the skeletal system

25. If a clinician were looking to harvest bone marrow that made blood cells, which bone of a donor would be sampled?
A. Distal head of femur
B. Os coxa
C.
Phalanges

D. Distal humerus